CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
1. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES TYPE 1 : CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI 1
IF CLAUSE | MAIN CLAUSE |
S + V / V –s (es) S + is/ am / are | S + will/ can/ may/ must + V
|
Câu điều kiện loại 1 là câu điều kiện có thật ở hiện tại, chỉ một khả năng có thể có được ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai
Ví dụ: If we pollute the water, we will have no fresh water to use
We will have no fresh water to use if we pollute the water,
2. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES TYPE 2: CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN LOẠI 2
IF CLAUSE | MAIN CLAUSE |
S + V – 2 (ed) S + were | S + would/ might/ could/ should + V
|
Câu điều kiện loại 2 diễn tả điều kiện trái ngược với thực tế trong hiện tại.
Ví dụ : If I were a bird, I would be a pigeon ( Nếu tôi là chim, tôi sẽ là loài chim bồ câu )
* Ghi chú:
Unless = if ……not (nếu không )
Unless it rains , we can play tennis If it doesn’t rain , we can play tennis
If it doesn’t rain , we can play tennis Unless it rains , we can play tennis
EXERCISES
I. Put the verbs in the following sentences in the correct tenses:
1. If she has time this morning, she ( finish)…… ………………..this drawing.
2. We will stay at home if it (rain) ………………………………………..
3. If I had enough money now, I ( buy) …………………………..a computer.
4. If he (be)………………..a prime minister, he would spend more money on education.
5. If we win the lottery, we ( give) …………………………..them half of the money.
6. She will need new clothes if she (get) …………………………..any fatter.
7. If he (play) ……………………..foodball all day, he would get very tired.
8. If the young man wanted to see me, he (come) ………………………..to my office.
9. If Henry is late, the train (not wait) ………………………………………..
10. I will go with him if he (go) ………………………………………..
11. You will be ill if you (eat) ………………………………………..too much.
12.If she were older, she (have) ………………………………………..more sense.
13. If you (read) ………………………..that book carefully, you would understand it.
14. If it (be) …………..fine tomorrow, I (play) …………………………..tennis.
15. My uncle (be) ……………..able to help us if he (be) …………..here now.
16. If you (go) ………………………………..away, please write to me.
II. Circle the best answer A, B, C or D to complete the following sentences:
1. If you work hard, you………………………………………..in the final examination.
A. succeed B. will succeed C. would succeed D. had succeed
2. We will be unhappy if you ……………………………………..come.
A. haven’t B. don’t C. have D. didn’t
3. If you………………………..somewhere else, where would you like to be?
A. have been B. can be C. are D. could be
4. What………………………………………you do if you have a lot of money.
A. have B. will C. would D. did
5. What will you do if you……………………………………………the final exam.
A. pass B. passed C. will pass D. passes
6. If I were you, I ……………………………………………that camera.
A. haven’t bought B. wouldn’t buy C. won’t D. didn’t buy
7. ……………………………….you work harder, you won’t be able to pass the exam.
A. Unless B. If C. When D. As
8. If it………………………………………rain, we’ll have the party outside.
A. didn’t B. doesn’t C. won’t D. wouldn’t
9. If I…………………………………………a bird, I would be able to fly.
A. were B. am C. is D. are
10. Unless you understand, I…………………………………….explain it to you again.
A. am B. would C. will D. was
11. Liz would come to see you, if she…………………………..your address.
A. has B. has had C. have D. had
12. If we………………..hard, we’ll make this beach a clean and beautiful place again.
A. will work B. worked C. have worked D. work
13. “My boss made me work overtime again.”
If I were you, I…………………………………………….my job”
A. quit B. would quit C. will quit D. must quit
14. If I…………………the day-off tomorrow ,I would go on a trip to the mountains.
A. can have B. will have C. have D. had
15. If it……………………………, we ‘ll buy warm clothes.
A. gets B. got C. will get D. would get
16. If you heat ice, it……………………………..into water.
A. will turn B. would turn C. is turning D. turns
17. If I……………………………………..a new car, I would take you to the movie.
A. had had B. have had C. had D. have
18. If my father…………………………………….a doctor, he would be very rich now.
A. were B. was C. is D. will be
19. If it……………………………….., I would not go to school.
A. rains B. has rained C. rained D. had rained
20. If we had enough time, we ……………………………………to you.
A. will write B. would write C. can write D. shall write
III. Each sentence has a mistake. Idetify it by choosing A, B, C or D:
1. We won’t get lost if we took a map.
A B C D
2. If the little girl knew how to do it, her mother will be pleased.
A B C D
3. If there will be too much exhaust fume in the air, our breathing will be badly affected.
A B C D
4. If we would have a large garden, we would plant a lot of flowers in it.
A B C D
5. If you won’t study hard, you’ll fail the exam.
A B C D
6. If he would speak more slowly, I could understand him.
A B C D
7. If you will stay in bed and take enough medicine, the flu will certainly disappear in three days.
A B C D
8. Nam’ll get up early if he had an alarm clock.
A B C D
9. If you went to his office after 10 am, you will see him.
A B C D
IV. Finish the second sentence in such a way that it has the same meaning as the original one:
Number 0 has been done for you:
0. She doesn’t have a bicycle so she has to walk to school.
If she had a bicycle, she wouldn’t have to walk to school.
1. She loves him, so she forgives him easily.
If .................................................................................................................................
2. It rains, so the children don’t go swimming.
If …………………………….…………………...........................………………......
3. They don’t behave themselves well , so their parents are not happy about that.
If ……………………….…………………………….........................……………….
4. If you didn’t speak quickly, I could understand you.
Unless.……………….…………………… ……………..................................
5. If you don’t have money, I can lend you some
Unless .................................................................................................................................
6. Hurry up or we will miss the bus.
If we …………….………………………………………………................................
7. Do the test carefully or you may get bad mark.
If you …………………………………………………………………........................
8. Come soon or you may not meet us.
If you ………………………………………………………………………………
9. If you don’t study hard, you may fail the exam.
Unless ……………………………………………………………………..................
10. I don’t have the key, so I can’t get into the house.
Unless ……………………………………………………………………………......
11. Unless Nga hurries, she will miss the last train.
If Nga ………………………………………………………………………...............
12. Mary doesn’t buy this shirt because she doesn’t have enough money.
If Mary..........................................................................................................................
13. Tom eats too much, so he gets fat.
If Tom ………………………………………………………………………..............
14. She doesn’t work hard, so she doesn’t get good marks.
If ………..………………………………………………….................................…
15. Unless he phones her immediately, he won’t get information.
If ……………………………………………………………………...........................
16. Unless he apologizes, I’ll never invite him here again.
If …………………………………………………………………………...................
17. Speak slowly or he can’t understand what you mean.
If you…………………………………………………………………………….........
18. Keep our environment clean or we won’t enjoy a healthy life.
If we…………………………………………………………………………...............
19. I’m not a millionaire, so I can’t buy you a car.
If I …………………………………………………...............................…………
20. He will get wet unless he puts the raincoat on.
If he…………………………………………………………………….......................
21. Today is not a holiday, so we can’t go for a picnic.
If ……………………………………………………………………….......................
22. He won’t do that because you don’t permit him.
He would……………………………………………………………………...............
23. Give him some advice or he won’t know what to do.
If you…………………………………..................................………………………
24. Mary can’t go to the party because she has to look after her sister.
If Mary………………………………………………..................................………
25. It is rainy, so the children can’t go swimming.
The children could……………………………….......................................................
26. She doesn’t know the answers, so she can’t tell you.
If ……………………………...................................………………………………
27. We don’t buy a lot of new books because we don’t have a lot of money.
We would……………………………………….........................................………
28. I can not take a photo of us because I can’t find my camera.
If ………………………………………………...........................................…………
29. I am not free today, so we can’t go to the beach.
We could……………………………………......................................……………
30. My parents don’t live near me, so I can’t see them on weekends.
If …………………………………..............................................………………
If.................................................................
2-Mary can’t do these exercises because they are too difficult.
If.............................................................................
3-If She weren’t busy ,she would come here to help us.
Unless.....................................................................
4-Unless I am hard,Ican’t pass the exam
If...............................................................
5-Hurry up ,or you will be late for class.
If.......................................................